Stone, brick, earth, wood

Greenery has always accompanied fortifications, creating their structure and an effective obstacle for the enemy. Greenery planted on embankments was used to illuminate the glacis and create emergency obstacles. From the time artillery appeared, i.e. from the 17th century, greenery shielded artillery positions in quite a unique way. Planted on the slopes, opposite embankments, i.e. behind artillery positions, it obscured defenders’ silhouettes against the background of the sky; from a larger distance, the enemy could see only blurred and dark silhouettes against the dark background of greenery, which made accurate aiming very difficult. It was also believed that greenery protected the town from spreading of fire. In the 18th century, streets lined with trees would lead a traveller to a wide foreground of the fortified town.