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Arte et Marte
or from fortress archives
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The town was built on a plan of an elongated pentagram, with centrally-located large and square market called Rynek Wielki
Zamość fortress on the plan of 1772 (the so-called Byzogany’s Plan).
and two smaller markets: Wodny and Solny. Chequered pattern of streets marked out building quarters with “districts” for settlers of different nationalities, in particular Armenians and Jews. Residence of the founder was built on a large plot, near which there was a collegiate church and a school – Akademia Zamojska. The founder wanted the school was to be an equivalent of the Jagiellonian University in Cracow. There were also other religious buildings in the town, such as an Armenian church, a synagogue, Franciscan monks’ monastery and the Order of Saint Clare nuns’ convent. The whole town was surrounded with a system of bastioned fortifications, modelled on Old Italian pattern. It is visible both in the designs of bastion fronts with indirect bastions called “piatta forma” (Bastion II shows it best) and in the outlines of the bastions with characteristic orillons. If we were to believe the oldest images of Zamość, they were rounded, thus assuming the form called “al orione”. In the 17th century all bastions, except Bastion III, converted by Jan Michał Link in accordance with the French model (without orillons), had rectangular orillons called “al musone”. They protected the front of the batteries firing towards the moat and the faces of adjacent bastions. Zamość bastions lost their characteristic orillons in the 1820s when casemates were built for huge cannons to defend the moat.

  • Plan of Zamość in the mid-17th c. It reflects the painting presentation of Zamość by Braun. . Bastions in the old-Italian type with rounded ears. Number of bastions is greater than today. Perhaps two smaller buildings were merged, as a result of construction disaster.

    Bastions in the old-Italian type with rounded ears. Number of bastions is greater than today. Perhaps two smaller buildings were merged, as a result of construction disaster.

  • Plan of Zamość at the end of the 17th century published in the year 1774. . The plan shows bastions with rectangular ears, and the scratch of the fortress generally agrees with the subsequent phases of its development. Bastion III was probably destroyed in construction disaster.

    The plan shows bastions with rectangular ears, and the scratch of the fortress generally agrees with the subsequent phases of its development. Bastion III was probably destroyed in construction disaster.

  • Zamość fortress on the plan of 1772 (the so-called Byzogany’s Plan). . You can see reconstruction of shoulders of bastions, the introduction of double-decker neck batteries and casemates. Bastion III in a two-level form.

    You can see reconstruction of shoulders of bastions, the introduction of double-decker neck batteries and casemates. Bastion III in a two-level form.